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|synonyms_ref = 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species )〕 }} ''Prunus americana'', commonly called the American plum, wild plum, or Marshall's large yellow sweet plum, is a species of ''Prunus'' native to North America from Saskatchewan and Idaho south to New Mexico and east to Québec, Maine and Florida.〔(Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map )〕 ''Prunus americana'' has often been planted outside its native range and sometimes escapes cultivation.〔Little, Elbert L., Jr. (1950). ''Southwestern trees'': A guide to the native species of New Mexico and Arizona. Agric. Handb. No. 9. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 109 p.〕 It is commonly confused with the Canada plum (''Prunus nigra''), although the fruit is smaller and rounder and bright red as opposed to yellow. Many cultivated varieties have been derived from this species. It forms an excellent stock upon which to graft the domestic plum.〔 Downloadable Google Books at ()〕 ==Description== The American plum grows as a large shrub or small tree, reaching up to .〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=USDA NRCS Plant Fact Sheet: American Plum, ''Prunus americana'' Marsh. )〕 It is adapted to coarse- and medium-textured soils, but not to fine soils. The shrub is winter-hardy, but has little tolerance for shade, drought, or fire. Its growth is most active in spring and summer, and it blooms in midspring. It propagates by seed, but the rate of spread by seed is slow.〔(Flora of North America, ''Prunus americana'' Marshall, 1785. Wild or American plum, prunier d'Amérique )〕 The roots are shallow, widely spread, and send up suckers.〔 The numerous stems per plant become scaly with age. The tree has a broad crown. The branches are thorny. The leaves are alternately arranged, with an oval shape. The leaf length is usually long. The upper surface of the leaf is dark green and under side is smooth and pale. The small white flowers with five petals occur singly or in clusters in the leaf axils. The globular fruits are about in diameter.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prunus americana」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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